RJA 15b

The research topic was of utmost importance to me.  As a soon-to-be new father, the impact of genetics on my child is enormous.  In fact, even as we went in for our first obstetrician appointment, we were given information on how to save the child's stem cells and stem blood via the umbilical cord.  These can then be used in the future to help with genetic defects, and in the future, for things such as lymphoblastoma (cancer) and Parkinson's disease.  In addition, my family is rife with doctors, and as such, my interest level in medicine has always been incredibly high.

As far as the class, I did brush up on  few things such as MLA and APA, and I was thankful that the process of researching and writing the paper gave me so much insight into my topic.  I really enjoyed the directed approach and "building" into a paper as opposed to being assigned a ton of papers to write.  While they helped, I thought the frequency of the discussions was a bit high in comparison to the value they provide (to me, at least).

Lastly, I think the biggest problem for me was the inability to make some of these deadlines.  Working 50-60 hours a week, with a pregnant wife, makes it extremely difficult for me to be timely in my submissions.  Part of the reason MSCD offers online classes is to cater to people like myself.  Although I understand the importance of deadlines and timeliness, I feel as though a university that prides itself in having an average age of 26 should take into consideration the time constraints of working students with families who are trying to whittle away at a degree.  I know that this is just my situation, not everyone's, but it's frustrating to know that I have all the ability in the world to do what's asked of me, just not the time to get it submitted by the due date.

RJA 15a

RJA 14

a)  What are some of the advances in the ophthalmic field regarding genetic medicine and genomics?
Retina is brain tissue that processes what our eyes see.  Retinal tears and corneal abrasions are often excruciatingly painful and are recur at a high rate once the first instance has happened.  There is current research being conducted in the redevelopment of retinal tissue based on sample cells taken from the patient's retina.  There research will also help with macular degeneration, which is the major cause of blindness in adults over 50, and caused by retinal damage.
b)  How can you see genomics changing the face of medicine, from detection and diagnosis to treatment and recovery, or even prevention?
That is sort of like asking how air travel changed the face of the shipping industry.  The possibilities are endless, and so are the responsibilities.
c)  What are some barriers that genetic medicine might face?
The greatest obstacle for genetic medicine is the medical field itself.  In addition to the ethical questions and concerns, integrating new processes and policies might cause a rift in the industry.  Take, for example, the importance of family history; if this becomes a major player in medicine, people who were adopted, or were conceived with the help of a sperm donor, would have to legislate for their rights to know their genetic background.
d)  What might be some ethical/moral issues that might surface when it comes to research or application of genetic medicine?
As the news media often brings up the topic, the subject of stem cells is highly controversial - when does a cell or a grouping of cells actually become a living being with rights?  In an extreme case, the possibility of endless life could cause a whole different ethical concern.  An argument could also be made about the resurrection of someone who has been in a near-fatal accident, and has to be essentially rebuilt from the ground up: what gives us the right to interfere?
e)  Is the idea of individualized medicine that far-fetched?  In our lifetimes?
Not at all.  There are already tests to diagnose for hundreds of genetic disorders, and daily a new secret is unlocked.  While it may not become available on a large scale, genetic medicine should become mainstream in less than 20  years.
f)  What sort of big-picture impacts do you see in a society that has a cure for everything?  Overpopulation, depleted resources, etc. come to mind, but I want your take.
There are plenty of impacts, and some which we won't even think of until they happen.  My greatest concern is the further destabilization and privatization of the medical industry, which in my opinion would broaden the gap between who can and can't afford top-notch care.
g)  There are medicines out there right now that have serious impact -- we know that MAOI inhibitors and SSRI's can create new neural pathways and literlly change the chemistry of our brain -- but are considered by many to be the only cure for severe depression.  How might genetic medicine impact some of these serious side effects?  Could there be new, unconsidered side effects?
Genetic medicine is doing instantly what these other medicines take years to complete - and that is changing the structure of "who you are."  By inhibiting certain neurotransmitters, depression and anxiety medicines often rewire the brain.  A retrovirus fitted with a "modified" gene accomplishes the same result.  There could most certainly be additional side effects that we couldn't fathom, but that's what FDA testing is for  While their standards may be questionable, at least some data is available before decisions are made.

RJA 13b

Ideas for visual aids:

1)  A timeline:  I would like to use something of a timeline to show the major advances in genetics and genomics over the last century

2)  Before and after photos of both, genetic engineering gone right, and wrong.

3)  Pictures detailing how some of the currently-utilized genetic processes work in medicine

4)  Photos of genetic diseases and/or their pattern(s)

5)  Graphs and charts
       a)  Current medicines and their side effects
       b)  Where research funds are currently going in medicine

RJA 13a

References

DeSalle, R., & Yudell, M. (2005). Welcome to the genome: a user's guide to the genetic past, present, and future. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Liss.

Genetic engineering and technology reaches outside the medical field and back into it when it comes to topics such as genetically modified food.  This book goes into the genetic revolution, and explains the changes we are to expect as time goes on.

Genetic Engineering. (2012, March 6). Medical Discoveries. Retrieved April 24, 2012, from http://www.discoveriesinmedicine.com/Enz-Ho/Genetic-Engineering.html#b

This site serves as an extensive resource for a variety of different discoveries made in the medical field.  The articles are short, concise, and meant for the layman, and explain the processes in relative detail.

Journal of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics. (n.d.). Genetics in Medicine. Nature Publishing Group : science journals, jobs, and information. Retrieved February 28, 2012, from http://www.nature.com/gim/index.html

This site provides a wealth of scholarly articles specifically related to genetics in medicine.  I've found that several articles are above my level of understanding, but there are a handful which can be deciphered and provide exhaustive amounts of information.

Vandenbusche, L. M. (2008, June 18). Medscape: Medscape Access. Medscape news. Retrieved March 27, 2012, from http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/575481

This article goes in depth about current genetic screening and the challenges it faces.  The primary point of discussion is the importance of family history in genetic screening and research.

RJA 12b

I plan on using some of the same sources as my background essay for the argumentative one; they were extremely informative and thorough, and provide much more than I could contain in the background essay.  As such, these are the same sources as listed in RJA 12a, but annotated. Works Cited Emery, Jon. "The challenge of integrating genetic medicine into primary care." BMJ 322.1027 (2001): n.pag. BMJ Journals. Web. 31 Jan. 2012. <http://www.bmj.com/content/322/7293/1027.short>. One of the discussions of my argumentative essay revolves around the challenges that doctors and medical practitioners face, and how difficult it might be to integrate something new that challenges how even the most minute of day-to-day tasks are done.  This article provides a wealth of information regarding genetic procedures that have already integrated, and some challenges that might be over the horizon. Juengst, Eric T. "Can Enhancement Be Distinguished from Prevention in Genetic Medicine?." Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 22.2 (1997): 125-142. Oxford Journals. Web. 31 Jan. 2012. <http://jmp.oxfordjournals.org/content/22/2/125.full.pdf+html>. A huge aspect of the ethical debate with genetic medicine revolves around whether it will be used to fix problems that were caused by choice versus those caused by disease.  This article goes into some of the challenges that go into this process, a big part of it being the ability to distinguish enhancement from prevention. US Department of Energy Genome Programs. "Medicine and the New Genetics." Human Genome Project Information. National Institutes of Health, 19 Sept. 2011. Web. 28 Feb. 2012. <http://genomics.energy.gov>. The Human Genome Project has been the kick-off point for much of this research, and no one has it better documented and explained than our very own government.  This resource is broad and encompasses various aspects of genetic medicine; the legal and ethical point, to the research that lies ahead, to the achievements and challenges faced by doctors and scientists.

RJA 12a

Works Cited Emery, Jon. "The challenge of integrating genetic medicine into primary care." BMJ 322.1027 (2001): n.pag. BMJ Journals. Web. 31 Jan. 2012. <http://www.bmj.com/content/322/7293/1027.short>. Juengst, Eric T. "Can Enhancement Be Distinguished from Prevention in Genetic Medicine?." Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 22.2 (1997): 125-142. Oxford Journals. Web. 31 Jan. 2012. <http://jmp.oxfordjournals.org/content/22/2/125.full.pdf+html>. US Department of Energy Genome Programs. "Medicine and the New Genetics." Human Genome Project Information. National Institutes of Health, 19 Sept. 2011. Web. 28 Feb. 2012. <http://genomics.energy.gov>.